ration

英 ['ræʃ(ə)n] 美['ræʃən]

CET6+TEM4GRETOEFL低频词常用词汇

复数: rations;第三人称单数: rations;过去式: rationed;过去分词: rationed;现在分词: rationing;

ration 定量，配给

来自拉丁语 rationem,思考，计算，部分，其主格形式为 ratio.引申词义定量，配给。

ration: ration: [18] Ration, like reason, comes from Latin ratiō, a derivative of the verb rērī ‘think, calculate’. This meant, among other things, ‘calculation, computation’, in which sense it has yielded English ratio [17]. In the Middle Ages it was used for an ‘amount of provisions calculated for a soldier’, and that meaning has channelled via Spanish ración and French ration into English as ration.

The ‘thinking’ sense of ratiō has reached English as reason, but its derivative rational [14] is less heavily disguised. Other English descendants of Latin rērī include rate and ratify [14], and the -red of hundred comes from a prehistoric Germanic *rath ‘number’, which came ultimately from Latin ratiō.
=> hundred, rate, ratio, reason
ration (n.): 1550, "reasoning," later, "relation of one number to another" (1660s), then "fixed allowance of food" (1702, often rations, from French ration in this sense), from Latin rationem (nominative ratio) "a reckoning, calculation, proportion" (see ratio). The military pronunciation (rhymes with fashion) took over from the preferred civilian pronunciation (rhymes with nation) during World War I.
ration (v.): "put (someone) on a fixed allowance," 1859, from ration (n.); sense of "apportion in fixed amounts" is from 1870. Related: Rationed; rationing.

2. The meat ration was down to one pound per person per week.: 肉的配给量降到了每人每周一磅。