until

英 [ən'tɪl] 美[ən'tɪl]

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until 直到

un-，直到，来自PIE*ant, 前面，词源同ante-, anterior, til-, 直到，词源同till,因此，该词实际上两个部分表达的是同一个意思。比较unto.

until: until: see till
until (prep.): c. 1200, from till (prep.). The first element is un- "as far as, up to" (also in unto), from Old Norse *und "as far as, up to," from Proto-Germanic *und- (cognates: Old English oð "up to, as far as," Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Gothic und), from PIE *nti-, from root *ant- "front, forehead" (see ante). The two syllables have the same meaning. Originally also used of persons and places. As a conjunction from c. 1300. Similar formation in Swedish intill, Danish indtil. The Modern German equivalent, bis (Old High German biaz), is a similar compound, of Old High German bi "by, at, to" and zu "to."

1. He then held the man in an armlock until police arrived.: 然后他反扭住那名男子的手臂让他动弹不得，直到警察赶到。

2. He waited until all the luggage was cleared, but Paula's never appeared.: 他一直等到所有的行李都拿走了，但始终没看见葆拉的。

3. It remained an exceptionally rare book until it was reprinted in 1918.: 在1918年再版之前，这本书一直非常罕见。

4. Blend the butter with the sugar and beat until light and creamy.: 把糖掺入黄油然后搅拌至滑软细腻。

5. He pushed everyone full speed ahead until production hit a bottleneck.: 他催促所有人拼命干活，直到生产遭遇瓶颈。